MAPPPD data sources

Aguirre, C. A. and J. M. Acero (1995). “Distribution and abundance of birds in the Errera Channel, Antarctic Peninsula, during the 1992/93 breeding season”. In: Marine Ornithology 23.2, pp. 129–134.

Aguirre, C. A. (1995). “Distribution and abundance of birds at Potter Peninsula, 25 de Mayo (King George) Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica”. In: Marine Ornithology 23.1, pp. 23–31.

Ainley, D. G., R. C. Wood, and W. J. L. Sladen (1978). “Bird life at Cape Crozier, Ross Island”. In: The Wilson Bulletin 90.4, pp. 492–510.

Ainley, D. G. (2002). The Adélie penguin: Bellwether of climate change. New York, United States: Columbia University Press. ISBN: 9780231123068.

Antolos, M., A. K. Miller, and W. Z. Trivelpiece (2004). Seabird research at Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, Antarctica, 2003-2004. AMLR 2003/2004 Field Season Report: Objectives, Accomplishments and Tentative Conclusions NOM-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-367, Chapter 7. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Araya, B. (1965). “Notas preliminares sobre ornitologia de la Antartica chilena”. In: Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía 12.1–3, pp. 161–174.

Bannasch, R. and R. Odening (1981). “Zoologische untersuchungen im gebiet der sowjetischen Antarktisstation "Bellingshausen"”. In: Geodätische und Geophysikalische Veröffentlichungen 8.1, pp. 3–20.

Barbosa, A. and H. J. Lynch (2003). Personal communication.

Barbraud, C., K. C. Delord, T. Micol, et al. (1999). “First census of breeding seabirds between Cap Bienvenue (Terre Adélie) and Moyes Islands (King George V Land), Antarctica: New records for Antarctic seabird populations”. In: Polar Biology 21.3, pp. 146–150. DOI: 10.1007/s003000050345.

Barbraud, C., K. C. Delord, C. Bost, et al. (2020). “Population trends of penguins in the French Southern Territories”. In: Polar Biology 43, pp. 835–850.

Bassett, J. A., E. J. Woehler, P. H. Ensor, et al. (1990). “Adélie penguins and Antarctic petrels at Mount Biscoe, Western Enderby Land, Antarctica”. In: Emu 90.1, p. 58. DOI: 10.1071/MU9900058.

Bird, C. N., A. H. Dawn, J. Dale, et al. (2020). “A semi-automated method for Estimating Adélie penguin colony abundance from a fusion of multispectral and thermal imagery collected with unoccupied aircraft systems”. In: Remote Sensing 12.22, p. 3692.

Bó, M. S. and S. Copello (2001). “Distribution and abundance of breeding birds at Deception Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, February to April 2000”. In: Marine Ornithology 29.1, pp. 39–42.

Borowicz, A., P. McDowall, C. Youngflesh, et al. (2018). “Multi-modal survey of Adélie penguin mega-colonies reveals the Danger Islands as a seabird hotspot”. In: Scientific Reports 8.1, p. 3926. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22313-w.

Burley, M. and A. G. E. Jones (1972). “Joint services expedition to the Elephant Group Islands 1976–1977”. Monograph.

Cardè, J. (2015). “Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) population trends in Cape Bird, Antarctica, 1956-2009: A response to climate change, competitive release and commercial fishing”. Undergraduate Thesis.

Carlini, A. R., N. R. Coria, M. M. Santos, et al. (2005). “The effect of Chinstrap penguins on the breeding performance of Adélie penguins”. In: Folia Zoologica 54.1–2, pp. 147–148.

Carlini, A. R., N. R. Coria, M. M. Santos, et al. (2009). “Responses of Pygoscelis adeliae and P. papua populations to environmental changes at Isla 25 de Mayo (King George Island)”. In: Polar Biology 32.10, pp. 1427–1433. DOI: 10.1007/s00300-009-0637-y.

Carten, T., W. Z. Trivelpiece, and R. S. Holt (1999). Seabird research at Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, Antarctica, 1998/99. AMLR 1998/99 iFeld Season Report: Objectives, Accomplishments and Tentative Conclusions Administrative Report LJ-99-10, Chapter 7. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Carten, T., M. R. Taft, W. Z. Trivelpiece, et al. (2001). Seabird research at Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, Antarctica, 113 1999/2000. AMLR 1999/2000 Field Season Report: Objectives, Accomplishments and Tentative Conclusions NOM-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-302, Chapter 7. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Casanovas, P., R. Naveen, S. Forrest, et al. (2015). “A comprehensive coastal seabird survey maps out the front lines of ecological change on the western Antarctic Peninsula”. In: Polar Biology 38.7, pp. 927–940. DOI: 10.1007/s00300-015-1651-x.

Che-Castaldo, C., S. Jenouvrier, C. Youngflesh, et al. (2017). “Pan-Antarctic analysis aggregating spatial estimates of Adélie penguin abundance reveals robust dynamics despite stochastic noise penguin abundance reveals robust dynamics despite stochastic noise”. In: Nature Communications 8.1, p. 832. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00890-0.

Chisholm, S. E., K. W. Pietrzak, A. K. Miller, et al. (2008). Seabird Research at Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, Antarctica, 2007-2008. AMLR 2007/2008 Field Season Report: Objectives, Accomplishments and Tentative Conclusions NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-427, Chapter 5. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Moreno, J. and E. J. Woehler (2009). Personal communication.

Chwedorzewska, K. J. and M. Korczak-Abshire (2010). “Human impact upon the environment in the vicinity of Arctowski Station, King George Island, Antarctica”. In: Polish Polar Research 31.1, pp. 45–60. DOI: 10.4202/ppres.2010.04.

Ciaputa, P. and K. Sierakowski (1999). “Long-term population changes of Adélie, chinstrap, and gentoo penguins in the regions of SSSI No. 8 and SSSI No. 34, King George Island, Antarctica”. In: Polish Polar Research 20.4, pp. 355–365.

Clarke, J., L. Emmerson, A. Townsend, et al. (2003). “Demographic characteristics of the Adélie penguin population on Béchervaise Island after 12 years of study”. In: CCAMLR Science 10, pp. 53–74.

Convey, P., A. Morton, and J. Poncet (1999). “Survey of marine birds and mammals of the South Sandwich Islands”. In: Polar Record 35.193, pp. 107–124. DOI: 10.1017/S0032247400026450.

Coria, N. R., H. Spairani, S. Vivequin, et al. (1995). “Diet of Adélie penguins Pygoscelis adeliae during the post-hatching period at Esperanza Bay, Antarctica, 1987/88”. In: Polar Biology 15.6, pp. 415–418. DOI: 10.1007/BF00239717.

Coria, N. R., M. Favero, M. P. Silva, et al. (1995). “Breeding birds at Duthoit Point, Nelson Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica”. In: Marine Ornithology 23.1, pp. 61–64.

Coria, N. R., P. G. Blendinger, and D. Montalti (1996). “The breeding birds of Cape Geddes, Laurie Island, South Orkney Islands, Antarctica”. In: Marine Ornithology 24.1–2, pp. 43–44.

Coria, N. R., D. Montalti, E. F. Rombolá, et al. (2011). “Birds at Laurie Island, South Orkney Islands, Antarctica: Breeding species and their distribution”. In: Marine Ornithology 39.2, pp. 207–213.

Crawford, R. J. M., P. A. Whittington, L. Upfold, et al. (2009). “Recent trends in numbers of four species of penguins at the Prince Edward Islands”. In: African Journal of Marine Science 31.3, pp. 419–426. DOI: 10.2989/AJMS.2009.31.3.14.1002.

Croxall, J. P. and E. D. Kirkwood (1979). The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and islands of the Scotia Sea. Cambridge, United Kingdom: British Antarctic Survey. ISBN: 0856650714.

Croxall, J. P., D. M. Rootes, and R. A. Price (1981). “Increases in penguin populations at Signy Island, South Orkney Islands”. In: British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 54, pp. 47–56.

Borowicz, A., P. McDowall, C. Youngflesh, et al. (2015). “Unpublished census data from the Danger Islands Expedition December 2015”. Dataset.

Dunn, M. J. (2009). “British Antarctic Survey”. Dataset.

Dunn, M. J., J. A. Jackson, S. Adlard, et al. (2016). “Population size and decadal trends of three penguin species nesting at Signy Island, South Orkney Islands”. In: PLoS ONE 11.10, p. e0164025. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164025.

Dunn, M. J., J. Forcada, J. A. Jackson, et al. (2018). “A long-term study of gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) population trends at a major Antarctic tourist site, Goudier Island, Port Lockroy”. In: Biodiversity and Conservation 28, pp. 37–53. DOI: 10.1007/s10531-018-1635-6.

Eklund, C. R. (1945). “Condensed ornithology report, East Base, Palmer Land”. In: Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 39.1, pp. 299–304.

Emslie, S. D., W. R. Fraser, R. C. Smith, et al. (1998). “Abandoned penguin colonies and environmental change in the Palmer Station area, Anvers Island, Antarctic Peninsula”. In: Antarctic Science 10.3, pp. 257–268. DOI: 10.1017/S0954102098000352.

Ensor, P. H. and J. A. Bassett (1987). The breeding status of Adélie penguins and other birds on the coast of George V Land, Antarctica. Vol. 50. ANARE Research Notes. Kingston, Australia: Antarctic Division, Department of Science and Technology.

Esponda, C. G., N. R. Coria, and D. Montalti (2000). “Breeding birds at Halfmoon Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, 1995/96”. In: Marine Ornithology 28.1, pp. 59–62.

Favero, M., N. R. Coria, and M. P. Beron (2000). “The status of breeding birds at Cierva Point and surroundings, Danco Coast, Antarctic Peninsula”. In: Polish Polar Research 21.3–4, pp. 181–187.

Fraser, W. R. (1991). “Adélie penguin breeding success and chronology studies - relative abundance of one and two chick broods, collected at Palmer Station Antarctica research area, 1991 - present”. Dataset.

Fraser, W. R. (1991). “Adélie Penguin breeding success and chronology studies - colony-specific chick production, collected at Palmer Station Antarctica research area, 1991 - present”. Dataset.

Fretwell, P. T., M. A. LaRue, P. Morin, et al. (2012). “An emperor penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species from space”. In: PLoS ONE 7.4, p. e33751. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033751.

Fretwell, P. T., P. N. Trathan, B. Wienecke, et al. (2014). “Emperor penguins breeding on iceshelves”. In: PLoS ONE 9.1, p. e85285. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085285.

Fretwell, P. T. and P. N. Trathan (2019). “Emperors on thin ice: Three years of breeding failure at Halley Bay”. In: Antarctic Science 31.3, pp. 133–138.

Pylypenko, D. V. (2013). “Colonial bird species nesting in the UAS AREA Vernadsky (2010-2011)”. In: Ukrainian Antarkticka Journal 12, pp. 206–216.

Fretwell, P. T. and P. N. Trathan (2020). “Discovery of new colonies by Sentinel2 reveals good and bad news for emperor penguins”. In: Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation 7.2, pp. 139–153. DOI: 10.1002/rse2.176.

Gil-Delgado, J. A., J. González-Solís, and A. Barbosa (2013). “Populations of breeding birds in Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands”. In: Antarctic Science 25.2, pp. 303–306. DOI: 10.1017/S0954102012000752.

González-Zevallos, D., M. M. Santos, E. F. Rombolá, et al. (2013). “Abundance and breeding distribution of seabirds in the northern part of the Danco Coast, Antarctic Peninsula”. In: Polar Research 32.0, pp. 1–7. DOI: 10.3402/polar.v32i0.11133.

Hahn, S., H. Peter, P. Quillfeldt, et al. (1998). “The birds of the Potter Peninsula, King George Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, 1965–1998”. In: Marine Ornithology 26.1–2, pp. 1–6.

Harris, C. M., R. Carr, K. Lorenz, et al. (2011). Important bird areas in Antarctica: Antarctic Peninsula, South Shetland Islands, South Orkney Islands - Final Report. Environmental Research & Assessment Ltd.. Cambridge, United Kingdom: BirdLife International, Polar Regions Unit of the United Kingdom Foreign & Commonwealth Office.

Hart, T. (2018). “Penguin Watch Dataset”. Dataset.

Heimark, G. M. and R. J. Heimark (1988). “Observations of birds and marine mammals at Palmer Station November 1985 to November 1986”. In: Antarctic Journal of the United States 23.4, pp. 14–17.

Hinke, J. T. and G. M. Watters (2014). 13 January 2014 weekly field reports: Copacabana, King George Island. Volume 2. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Hinke, J. T. and G. M. Watters (2014). 20 January 2014 weekly field reports: Copacabana, King George Island. Volume 3. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Hinke, J. T., M. M. Santos, M. Korczak-Abshire, et al. (2019). “Individual variation in migratory movements of chinstrap penguins leads to widespread occupancy of ice-free winter habitats over the continental shelf and deep ocean basins of the Southern Ocean”. In: PloS ONE 14.12, p. e0226207. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226207.

Hinke, J. T. and H. J. Lynch (2020). Personal communication.

Horne, R. S. C. (1983). The distribution of penguin breeding colonies on the Australian Antarctic Territory, Heard Island, the McDonald Islands, and Macquarie Island. Vol. 9. ANARE Research Notes. Kingston, Australia: Antarctic Division, Department of Science and Technology.

Hoshiai, T., O. Matsuda, and Y. Naito (1981). “Fluctuation of Adélie penguin populations in two small rookeries of the Syowa Station area, Antarctica”. In: Antarctic Record 73, pp. 141–146.

Hoshiai, T., T. Sweda, and A. Tanimura (1984). “Adélie penguin census in the 1981-82 and 1982-1983 breeding seasons near Syowa Station, Antarctica [Special issue]”. In: Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research 32, pp. 117–121.

Hucke-Gaete, R., D. Torres, and V. Vallejos (1997). Population size and distribution of Pygoscelis antarctica and P. papua at Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, Antarctica (1996/97 Season). Working Group on Ecosystem Monitoring and Management WG-EMM-97/62. San Diego, United States: Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources.

Ishikawa, S., O. Matsuda, and K. Kawagushi (1988). “Adélie penguin census in the 1984-85 breeding season near Syowa Station, Antarctica with reference to the banding effect on the population”. In: Antarctic Record 32.3, pp. 302–307.

Jabłoński, B. (1980). “Distribution and numbers of birds and pinnipedes on Penguin Island (South Shetland Islands in January 1979*)”. In: Polish Polar Research 1.1, pp. 109–116.

Jabłoński, B. (1984). “Distribution, number and breeding preferences of penguins in the region of the Admiralty Bay (King George Islands, South Shetland Islands in the season 1979/80*)”. In: Polish Polar Research 5.1–2, pp. 5–16.

Jabłoński, B. (1984). “Distribution and numbers of penguins in the region of King George Island (South Shetland Islands in the breeding season 1980/1981*)”. In: Polish Polar Research 5.1–2, pp. 17–30.

Jabłoński, B. (1986). “Distribution, abundance and biomass of a summer community of birds in the region of the Admiralty Bay (King George Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica) in 1978/1979*”. In: Polish Polar Research 7.3, pp. 217–260.

Jehl, J. R. and F. S. Todd (1985). “A census of the Adélie penguin colony on Paulet Island, Weddell Sea”. In: Antarctic Journal of the United States 20.5, pp. 171–172.

Juáres, M. A., M. M. Santos, J. Negrete, et al. (2015). “Adélie penguin population changes at Stranger Point: 19 years of monitoring”. In: Antarctic Science 27.05, pp. 455–461. DOI: 10.1017/S0954102015000152.

Kato, A. and H. Ichikawa (1999). “Breeding status of Adélie and emperor penguins in the Mt. Riiser-Larsen area, Amundsen Bay”. In: Polar Bioscience 12, pp. 36–39.

Kato, A. and Y. Ropert-Coudert (2006). “Rapid increase in Adélie penguin populations in the Lützow-Holm Bay area since the mid 1990s”. In: Polar Bioscience 20, pp. 55–62.

Woehler, E. J. and N. Cobley (1998). Personal communication.

Kooyman, G. L. and P. J. Ponganis (2016). “Rise and fall of Ross Sea emperor penguin colony populations: 2000 to 2012”. In: Antarctic Science 28, pp. 1–8. DOI: 10.1017/S0954102016000559.

Korczak-Abshire, M., M. Węgrzyn, P. J. Angiel, et al. (2013). “Pygoscelid penguins breeding distribution and population trends at Lions Rump rookery, King George Island”. In: Polish Polar Research 34.1, pp. 87–99. DOI: 10.2478/popore-2013-0002.

Korczak-Abshire, M., A. Zmarz, M. Rodzewicz, et al. (2018). “Study of fauna population changes on Penguin Island and Turret Point Oasis (King George Island, Antarctica) using an unmanned aerial vehicle”. In: Polar Biology 42, pp. 217–224. DOI: 10.1007/s00300-018-2379-1.

Korczak-Abshire, M., A. Zmarz, M. Rodzewicz, et al. (2019). “Study of fauna population changes on Penguin Island and Turret Point Oasis (King George Island, Antarctica) using an unmanned aerial vehicle”. In: Polar Biology 42.1, pp. 217–224. DOI: 10.1007/s00300-018-2379-1.

Korean Polar Research Institute (2020). A Study on Monitoring of Antarctic Special Protected Area and Environmental Management of Antarctic Base (6). BSPG19040-037-3. Sejong-si, Republic of Korea: Ministry of the Environment.

LaRue, M. A., D. G. Ainley, M. Swanson, et al. (2013). “Climate change winners: receding ice fields facilitate colony expansion and altered dynamics in an Adélie penguin metapopulation”. In: PLoS ONE 8.4, p. e60568. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060568.

LaRue, M. A., G. L. Kooyman, H. J. Lynch, et al. (2015). “Emigration in emperor penguins: Implications for interpretation of long-term studies”. In: Ecography 38.2, pp. 114–120. DOI: 10.1111/ecog.00990.

LaRue, M. A. and G. Humphries (2018). Personal Communication.

Law, P. (1962). “New ANARE landings in Australian Antarctic Territory 1960”. In: Geographical Journal 128.2, pp. 174–183.

Law, P. (1964). The Exploration of Oates Land, Antarctica. Vol. 71. ANARE Reports. Melborne, Australia: Antarctic Division, Department of External Affairs.

Lazo, I., H. Núñez, and J. V. Yañez (1992). “Áreas libres de hielo y su relación con ensambles de aves nidificantes antárticas, isla Livingston, Antártica”. In: Serie Científica INACH. Vol. 42. Santiago, Chile: Instituto Antártico Chileno, pp. 69–75.

Lesiński, G. (1993). “Monitoring of birds and pinnipedians on King George Island (South Shetland Islands) in 1989/1990”. In: Polish Polar Research 14.1, pp. 75–89.

Leung, E. S. W., R. A. Orben, and W. Z. Trivelpiece (2006). Seabird research at Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, Antarctica, 2005/06. AMLR 2005/2006 Field Season Report: Objectives, Accomplishments and Tentative Conclusions NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-397, Chapter 9. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Low, M., L. Meyer, and C. Southwell (2007). “Number and distribution of Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) breeding sites in the Robinson Group of islands, Mac.Robertson Land coast, east Antarctica”. In: Polar Record 43.03, pp. 225–229. DOI: 10.1017/S0032247407006365.

Lumpe, P. and K. Weidinger (2000). “Distribution, numbers and breeding of birds at the northern ice-free areas of nelson island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, 1990–1992”. In: Marine Ornithology 28, pp. 41–46.

Lynch, H. J., W. F. Fagan, and R. Naveen (2010). “Population trends and reproductive success at a frequently visited penguin colony on the western Antarctic Peninsula”. In: Polar Biology 33.4, pp. 493–503. DOI: 10.1007/s00300-009-0726-y.

Lynch, H. J., R. Naveen, and P. Casanovas (2013). “Antarctic Site Inventory breeding bird survey data, 1994-2013: Ecological Archives E094-243”. In: Ecology 94.11, pp. 2653–2653. DOI: 10.1890/13-1108.1.

Lynch, H. J. and M. A. LaRue (2014). “First global census of the Adélie Penguin”. In: The Auk 131.4, pp. 457–466. DOI: 10.1642/AUK-14-31.1.

Lynch, H. J. and M. R. Schwaller (2014). “Mapping the abundance and distribution of Adélie penguins using Landsat-7: First steps towards an integrated multi-sensor pipeline for tracking populations at the continental scale”. In: PLoS ONE 9.11, p. e113301. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113301.

Lynch, H. J., R. White, R. Naveen, et al. (2016). “In stark contrast to widespread declines along the Scotia Arc, a survey of the South Sandwich Islands finds a robust seabird community”. In: Polar Biology 1, pp. 1–11. DOI: 10.1007/s00300-015-1886-6.

Lynch, H. J. (2013). “Antarctic Site Inventory”. Dataset.

Lynch, H. J. (2019). “Stony Brook University Lynch Lab survey data”. Dataset.

Lyver, P. O., M. Barron, K. J. Barton, et al. (2014). “Trends in the breeding population of Adélie penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: A coincidence of climate and resource extraction effects”. In: PLoS ONE 9.3, p. e91188. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091188.

Lyver, P. O. (1983). “Landcare Research Adélie census data”. Dataset.

Macdonald, J. A., K. J. Barton, and P. Metcalf (2002). “Chinstrap penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) nesting on Sabrina Islet, Balleny Islands, Antarctica”. In: Polar Biology 25.6, pp. 442–447. DOI: 10.1007/s00300-002-0363-1.

Special Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (2000). Management plan for Site of Special Scientific Interest No. 8: Western Shore of Admiralty Bay, King George Island, South Shetland Islands. Final Report of the Twelfth Special Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Measure 1, Annex E. The Hague, Netherlands: Antarctic Treaty System.

Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (2002). Management plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 117: Avian Island, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula. Final Report of the Thirty-second Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Measure 1. Warsaw, Poland: Antarctic Treaty System.

Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (2005). Deception Island Management Package. Final Report of the Twenty-eighth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Measure 3. Stockholm, Sweden: Antarctic Treaty System.

Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (2005). Management plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 132: Potter Peninsula, King George Island (Isla 25 De Mayo), South Shetland Islands. Final Report of the Twenty-eighth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Measure 2, Annex F. Stockholm, Sweden: Antarctic Treaty System.

Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (2005). Management plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 133: Harmony Point, Nelson Island, South Shetland Islands. Final Report of the Twenty-eighth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Measure 2, Annex G. Stockholm, Sweden: Antarctic Treaty System.

Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (2005). Management plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 149: Cape Shirreff And San Telmo Island, Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands. Management plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 149: Cape Shirreff And San Telmo Island, Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands Measure 2, Annex H. Stockholm, Sweden: Antarctic Treaty System.

Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (2006). Management plan for Antarctic Specially Managed Area No. 1 Admirality Bay. Twenty-ninth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Measure 2. Edinburgh, United Kingdom: Antarctic Treaty System.

Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (2008). Designation of Antarctic Specially Managed Area No. 7: Southwest Anvers island and Palmer Basin. Final Report of the Thirty-first Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Measure 1. Kyiv, Ukraine: Antarctic Treaty System.

Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (2009). Management plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 113: Litchfield Island, Arthur Harbor Anvers Island, Palmer Archipelago. Final Report of the Thirty-second Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Measure 4. Baltimore, United States: Antarctic Treaty System.

Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (2009). Management plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 125: Fildes Peninsula, King George Island (25 De Mayo), (Fossil Hill, Holz Stream (Madera Stream), Glacier Dome Bellingshausen (Collins Glacier), Halfthree Point, Suffield Point, Fossil Point, Gradzinski Cove And Skua Cove). Final Report of the Thirty-second Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Measure 6. Baltimore, United States: Antarctic Treaty System.

Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (2009). Management plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 150: Ardley Island, Maxwell Bay, King George Island (25 De Mayo). Final Report of the Thirty-second Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Measure 9. Baltimore, United States: Antarctic Treaty System.

Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (2009). Management plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 152: Western Bransfield Strait. Final Report of the Thirty-second Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Measure 10. Baltimore, United States: Antarctic Treaty System.

Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (2009). Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 153: Eastern Dallmann Bay. Final Report of the Thirty-second Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Measure 11. Baltimore, United States: Antarctic Treaty System.

Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (2009). Management plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 171: Narębski Point, Barton Peninsula, King George Island. Final Report of the Thirty-second Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Measure 13. Baltimore, United States: Antarctic Treaty System.

Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (2014). Management plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 139: Biscoe Point, Anvers Island, Palmer Archipelago. Final Report of the Thirty-seventh Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Measure 6. Brasilia, Brasil: Antarctic Treaty System.

Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (2014). Management plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 171: Narębski Point, Barton Peninsula, King George Island. Final Report of the Thirty-seventh Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Measure 11. Brasilia, Brasil: Antarctic Treaty System.

Micol, T. and P. Jouventin (2001). “Long-term population trends in seven Antarctic seabirds at Pointe Géologie (Terre Adélie) Human impact compared with environmental change”. In: Polar Biology 24.3, pp. 175–185. DOI: 10.1007/s003000000193.

Miller, A. K., E. S. W. Leung, and W. Z. Trivelpiece (2005). Seabird research at Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, Antarctica, 2004/2005. AMLR 2004/2005 Field Season Report: Objectives, Accomplishments and Tentative Conclusions NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-385, Chapter 7. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Mönke, R. and A. Bick (1988). “Fachlicher bericht ber die teilnahme der DDR-Biologengruppe an der 31. Sowjetischen Antarktisexpedition (SAE), Station Bellingshausen, King George Island (S dshetland Inseln/Antarktis)”. Dataset.

Montalti, D. and G. E. Soave (2002). “The birds of Seymour Island, Antarctica”. In: Ornitologia Neotropical 13, pp. 267–271.

Mudge, M. L., A. Larned, J. T. Hinke, et al. (2014). Seabird Research at Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, Antarctica. AMLR 2010–2011 Field Season Report NOAA -TM-NMFS-SWFSC-524, Chapter 7. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Müller-Schwarze, C. and D. Müller-Schwarze (1975). “A survey of twenty-four rookeries of pygoscelid penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula region”. In: The biology of penguins. Ed. by B. Stonehouse. Baltimore, United States: University Park Press, pp. 309–320. ISBN: 978-0333167915.

Myrcha, A., A. Tatur, and R. d. Valle (1987). “Numbers of Adélie penguins breeding at Hope Bay and Seymour Island rookeries (West Antarctica) in 1985”. In: Polish Polar Research 8.4, pp. 411–422.

Myrcha, A. (1993). “Birds”. In: The maritime Antarctic coastal ecosystem of Admiralty Bay. Ed. by S. Rakusa-Suszczewski. Warsaw, Poland: Department of Antarctic Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, pp. 129–141.

Naveen, R., H. J. Lynch, S. Forrest, et al. (2012). “First direct, site-wide penguin survey at Deception Island, Antarctica, suggests significant declines in breeding chinstrap penguins”. In: Polar Biology 35.12, pp. 1879–1888. DOI: 10.1007/s00300-012-1230-3.

Naveen, R. and H. J. Lynch (1995). Personal communication.

Orben, R. A., S. E. Chisholm, A. K. Miller, et al. (2007). Seabird research at Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, Antarctica, 2006/07. AMLR 2006/2007 Field Season Report: Objectives, Accomplishments and Tentative Conclusions NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-409, Chapter 7. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Parmalee, D. F. and C. C. Rimmer (1985). “Ornithological observations at Brabant Island, Antarctica”. In: British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 67, pp. 7–12.

Parmalee, D. F. and C. C. Rimmer (1987). “Revised penguin numbers and distributions for Anvers Island, Antarctica”. In: British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 76, pp. 65–73.

Perez, D. T. and M. Lynch (2017). Personal communication.

Peter, H., M. Kaiser, and A. Gebauer (1988). Untersuchungen an vögeln und robben auf King George Island: (South Shetland Islands, Antarktis). Vol. 14. Geodätische und Geophysikalische Veröffentlichungen: 1. Berlin, Germany: Nationalkomitee für Geodäsie und Geophysik bei der Akad. der Wiss. der DDR.

Peter, H., R. Bannasch, A. Bick, et al. (1989). “Bestand und Reproduktion ausgewählter antarktischer Vögel und Robben im Siidwestteil von King George Island, South Shetland Islands”. In: Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift: Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe 38, pp. 645–657.

Peter, H., C. Buesser, O. Mustafa, et al. (2007). Risk assessment for the Fildes Peninsula and Ardley Island, and development of management plans for their designation as Specially Protected or Specially Managed Areas. Polar and Bird Ecology Group Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Research Report UBA-FB 203 13 124. Jena, Germany: Umweltbundesamt.

Petry, M. V. and H. J. Lynch (2018). Personal communication.

Petry, M. V., F. C. L. Valls, E. S. Petersen, et al. (2018). “Population trends of seabirds at Stinker Point, Elephant Island, Maritime Antarctica”. In: Antarctic Science 30, pp. 1–7. DOI: 10.1017/S0954102018000135.

Pfeifer, C., A. Barbosa, O. Mustafa, et al. (2019). “Using fixed-wing UAV for detecting and mapping the distribution and abundance of penguins on the South Shetlands Islands, Antarctica”. In: Drones 3.2, p. 39. DOI: 10.3390/drones3020039.

Pfeiffer, S. and H. Peter (2004). “Ecological studies toward the management of an Antarctic tourist landing site (Penguin Island, South Shetland Islands)”. In: Polar Record 40.04, pp. 345–353. DOI: 10.1017/S0032247404003845.

Phillips, R. and H. J. Lynch (2016). Personal communication.

Pietrzak, K. W., J. H. Breeden, A. K. Miller, et al. (2009). Seabird Research at Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, Antarctica, 2008-09. AMLR 2008/2009 Field Season Report: Objectives, Accomplishments and Tentative Conclusions NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-445, Chapter 6. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Pietrzak, K. W., M. L. Mudge, and W. Z. Trivelpiece (2011). Seabird Research at Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, Antarctica. AMLR 2009/2010 Field Season Report: Objectives, Accomplishments and Tentative Conclusions NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-470, Chapter 5. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Pistorius, P. A., N. Huin, and S. Crofts (2010). “Population change and resilience in Gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) at the Falkland Islands”. In: Marine Ornithology 38.1, pp. 49–53.

Poncet, S. and J. Poncet (1985). “A survey of penguin breeding populations at the South Orkey Islands”. In: British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 68, pp. 71–81.

Poncet, S. and J. Poncet (1987). “Censuses of penguin populations of the Antarctic Peninsula 1983-1987”. In: British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 77, pp. 109–129.

Poncet, S. (2007). “South Georgia breeding birds surveys”. Dataset.

Prince, P. A. and M. R. Payne (1979). “Current status of birds at South Georgia”. In: British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 48, pp. 103–118.

Prince, P. A. and S. Poncet (1988). “British Antarctic Survey: South Georgia breeding birds survey 1986/87–1987/88”. Dataset.

Quintana, R. D., V. Cirelli, and J. L. Orgeira (2000). “Abundance and spatial distribution of bird populations at Cierva Point, Antarctic Peninsula”. In: Marine Ornithology 28.1, pp. 21–27.

Quintana, R. D. and V. Cirelli (2000). “Breeding dynamics of a Gentoo penguin Pygoscelis papua population at Cierva Point, Antarctic Peninsula”. In: Marine Ornithology 28.1, pp. 29–35.

Robertson, C. J. R., J. R. Gilbert, and A. W. Erickson (1980). “Birds and seals of the Balleny Islands, Antarctica”. In: National Museum of New Zealand Records 1.16, pp. 271–279.

Robertson, G. (1991). “Kidson Island: A breeding site for Antarctic fulmars”. In: Polar Record 27.160, pp. 61–61. DOI: 10.1017/S0032247400019938.

Rootes, D. M. (1988). “The status of birds at Signy Island, South Orkney Islands”. In: British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 80, pp. 87–119.

Sagalansky, A. and H. J. Lynch (2021). Personal communication.

Sander, M., T. C. Balbão, E. S. Costa, et al. (2007). “Decline of the breeding population of Pygoscelis antarctica and Pygoscelis adeliae on Penguin Island, South Shetland, Antarctica”. In: Polar Biology 30.5, pp. 651–654. DOI: 10.1007/s00300-006-0218-2.

Santos, M. M., J. T. Hinke, N. R. Coria, et al. (2018). “Abundance estimation of Adélie penguins at the Esperanza/Hope Bay mega colony”. In: Polar Biology 41.11, pp. 2337–2342. DOI: 10.1007/s00300-018-2373-7.

Saxer, I. M., D. A. Sheffler, and W. Z. Trivelpiece (2003). Seabird research on Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, Antarctica, 2001-2001. AMLR 2001/2002 Field Season Report: Objectives, Accomplishments and Tentative Conclusions NOM-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-350, Chapter 6. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Schlatter, R. P. and C. G. Orrego (1975). “Intento de colonizacion por Pygoscelis antarctica, en peninsula copper mine, Isla Robert, Shetland del sur”. In: Boletin Difus INACH. Vol. 8. Santiago, Chile: Instituto Antártico Chileno, pp. 23–25.

Shill, L. F., M. Antolos, and W. Z. Trivelpiece (2003). Seabird Research at Cape Shirreff. AMLR 2002/2003 Field Season Report: Objectives, Accomplishments and Tentative Conclusions NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-355, Chapter 8. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Shuford, W. D. and L. B. Spear (1988). “Surveys of breeding Chinstrap penguins in the South Shetland Island, Antarctica”. In: British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81, pp. 19–30.

Shuford, W. D. and L. B. Spear (1988). Surveys of breeding penguins and other seabirds in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, January-February 1987. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/NEC-59. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Sierakowski, K. (1991). “Birds and mammals in the region of SSSI No. 8 in the season 1988/89 (South Shetlands, King George Island, Admiralty Bay)”. In: Polish Polar Research 12.1, pp. 25–54.

Sierakowski, K., M. Korczak-Abshire, and P. Jadwiszczak (2017). “Changes in bird communities of Admiralty Bay, King George Island (West Antarctic): Insights from monitoring data (1977–1996)”. In: Polish Polar Research 38.2, pp. 231–262. DOI: 10.1515/popore-2017-0010.

Silva, M. P., M. Favero, R. J. Casaux, et al. (1998). “The status of breeding birds at Harmony Point, Nelson Island, Antarctica in summer 1995/96”. In: Marine Ornithology 26.1, pp. 75–78.

Smagol, V. M., I. V. Dzhulay, G. P. Milinevsky, et al. (2018). Pygoscelis penguin census in the Vernadsky Antarctic station area. Thirty-seventh Meeting of the Scientific Committee SC-CAMLR-XXXVII/BG/06. Hobart, Australia: Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources.

Southwell, C., J. McKinlay, M. Low, et al. (2013). “New methods and technologies for regional-scale abundance estimation of land-breeding marine animals: Application to Adélie penguin populations in East Antarctica”. In: Polar Biology 36.6, pp. 843–856. DOI: 10.1007/s00300-013-1310-z.

Southwell, C. and L. Emmerson (2013). “First population counts at newly discovered Adélie penguin Pygoscelis adeliae breeding sites along the Wilhelm II, Queen Mary and Wilkes Land coastlines, East Antarctica”. In: Marine Ornithology 41, pp. 87–89.

Starck, W. (1980). “The avifauna of Haswell Island (East Antarctica) in the summer of 1978/1979”. In: Polish Polar Research 1.2–3, pp. 183–196.

Strycker, N., M. Wethington, A. Borowicz, et al. (2020). “A global population assessment of the chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)”. In: Scientific Reports 10.1, pp. 1–11. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76479-3.

Strycker, N., A. Borowicz, M. Wethington, et al. (2020). “Fifty-year change in penguin abundance on Elephant Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica: Results of the 2019–20 census”. In: Polar Biology 44, pp. 45–56. DOI: 10.1007/s00300-020-02774-4.

Taft, M. R., I. M. Saxer, and W. Z. Trivelpiece (2001). Seabird research on Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, Antarctica, 2000-2001. AMLR 2000/2001 Field Season Report: Objectives, Accomplishments and Tentative Conclusions NOM-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-314, Chapter 7. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Taylor, R. H. and P. R. Wilson (1990). “Recent increase and southern expansion of Adélie penguin populations in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, related to climatic warming”. In: New Zealand Journal of Ecology 14, pp. 25–29.

Taylor, R. H., P. R. Wilson, and B. W. Thomas (1990). “Status and trends of Adélie penguin populations in the Ross Sea region”. In: Polar Record 26.159, pp. 293–304. DOI: 10.1017/S0032247400011803.

Tidemann, S. C., A. Walleyn, and J. F. Ryan (2015). “Observations of penguins and other pelagic bird species in the Balleny Islands, Antarctica”. In: Australian Field Ornithology 32.4, p. 169.

Trathan, P. N., F. H. J. Daunt, and E. J. Murphy, ed. (1996). South Georgia: An ecological atlas. Cambridge, United Kingdom: British Antarctic Survey.

Trathan, P. N. (2009). “British Antarctic Survey”. Dataset.

Trathan, P. N., P. T. Fretwell, and B. Stonehouse (2011). “First recorded loss of an emperor penguin colony in the recent period of Antarctic regional warming: Implications for other colonies”. In: PLoS ONE 6.2, p. e14738. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014738.

Trathan, P. N., B. Wienecke, C. Barbraud, et al. (2020). “The emperor penguin–Vulnerable to projected rates of warming and sea ice loss”. In: Biological Conservation 241, p. 108216. DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108216.

Trivelpiece, W. Z., S. G. Trivelpiece, and N. J. Volkman (1987). “Ecological segregation of Adélie, Gentoo, and Chinstrap penguins at King George Island, Antarctica”. In: Ecology 68.2, pp. 351–361. DOI: 10.2307/1939266.

Trivelpiece, W. Z., S. G. Trivelpiece, G. R. Geupal, et al. (1990). “Adélie and chinstrap penguins: Their potential as monitors of the southern ocean marine ecosystem”. In: Antarctic ecosystems. Ecologic change and conservation. Ed. by K. R. Kerry and G. Hempel. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, pp. 191–202. ISBN: 10/978-3-642-84074-6.

Trivelpiece, W. Z., T. Carten, W. T. Cobb, et al. (1998). Seabird research at Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, Antarctica, 1997/98. AMLR 1997/98 Field Season Report: Objectives, Accomplishments and Tentative Conclusions Administrative Report LJ-98-07, Chapter 7. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Trivelpiece, S. G., A. Lindsley, A. Will, et al. (2011). Seabird Research at Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica, 2009/10. AMLR 2009/2010 Field Season Report: Objectives, Accomplishments and Tentative Conclusions NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-470, Chapter 9. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Trivelpiece, W. Z. and P. Chilton (2013). 25 November 2013 weekly field reports: Copacabana, King George Island. Volume 1. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Trivelpiece, S. G., A. Will, K. Boysen, et al. (2014). Seabird Research at Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica. AMLR 2010–2011 Field Season Report NOAA -TM-NMFS-SWFSC-524, Chapter 6. La Jolla, United States: Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.

Trivelpiece, W. Z. and H. J. Lynch (1979). Personal communication.

Watanabe, Y. Y., K. Ito, N. Kokubun, et al. (2020). “Foraging behavior links sea ice to breeding success in Antarctic penguins”. In: Science Advances 6.26, p. eaba4828. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba4828.

Whitehead, M. D. and G. W. Johnstone (1990). “The distribution and estimated abundance of Adélie penguins breeding in Prydz Bay, Antarctica”. In: Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Polar Biology. Ed. by M. Fukuchi, Y. Ino, Y. Naito, Y. Ohyama and M. Takahashi. Vol. 3. Tokyo, Japan: National Institute of Polar Research, pp. 91–98. ISBN: 0914563X.

Wienecke, B. (2012). “Emperor penguins at the West Ice Shelf”. In: Polar Biology 35.9, pp. 1289–1296. DOI: 10.1007/s00300-012-1172-9.

Wilson, G. (1983). Distribution and abundance of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic penguins: A synthesis of current knowledge. Vol. 4. BIOMASS Scientific Series. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR).

Wilson, D., R. Pike, D. Southwell, et al. (2009). “A systematic survey of breeding Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) along the Mawson and Kemp Land coasts, East Antarctica: New colonies and population counts”. In: Antarctic Science 21.06, pp. 591–592. DOI: 10.1017/S0954102009990307.

Woehler, E. J., D. J. Slip, L. M. Robertson, et al. (1991). “The distribution, abundance and status of Adélie penguins Pygoscelis adeliae at the Windmill Islands, Wilkes Land, Antarctica”. In: Marine Ornithology 19.1, pp. 1–18.

Woehler, E. J. (1993). The distribution and abundance of Antarctic and Subantarctic penguins. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR).

Woehler, E. J. and J. P. Croxall (1997). “The status and trends of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic seabirds”. In: Marine Ornithology 25.1, pp. 43–66.

Woehler, E. J. (2000). “Status and trends of Antarctic and Subantarctic penguins”. Supplement.

Woehler, E. J. (2006). “Status and conservation of the seabirds of Heard Island”. In: Heard Island: Southern ocean sentinel. Ed. by K. Green and E. J. Woehler. Chipping Norton, Australia: Surrey Beatty & Sons. Chap. 9, pp. 128–165. ISBN: 0949324981.

Zhengwang, Z. and Z. Guangmei (1997). “Population size and distribution of penguins at Chinese Great Wall Station in Antarctica”. In: Journal of Beijing Normal University 33.1, pp. 1–4.

Zippel, D. (1986). “Teilbericht (Ornithologie) über die wissenschaftlichen Ergebnisse während der 30. SAE im Untersuchungsgebiet King George”. Report.